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NASA’s Morpheus Lander Soars Over Kennedy Space Center As Tests Continue

NASA’s Morpheus lander testbed resumed testing following a break for the Christmas holiday, making its fifth successful free-flight on January 16 at Kennedy Space Center. The 57-second test began at 1:15 p.m. EST with the Morpheus lander launching from the ground over a flame trench and ascending about 187 feet, nearly doubling the target ascent velocity from the last test in December 2013.

During the most recent test, Morpheus flew forward, covering about 154 feet in 20 seconds before descending and landing within 11 inches of its target on a dedicated pad inside the autonomous landing and hazard avoidance technology, or ALHAT, hazard field.

Project Morpheus tests NASA’s ALHAT and an engine that runs on liquid oxygen and methane, or green propellants, into a fully-operational lander that could deliver cargo to other planetary surfaces. The landing facility provides the lander with the kind of field necessary for realistic testing, complete with rocks, craters and hazards to avoid. Morpheus’ ALHAT payload allows it to navigate to clear landing sites amidst rocks, craters and other hazards during its descent.

Morpheus is a prototype planetary lander capable of taking off and landing vertically. The lander is designed to test advanced technologies that may be implemented in future spacecraft. Among the technologies being tested on Morphues is the Autonomous Landing and Hazard Avoidance Technology (ALHAT). ALHAT gives Morhpeus the ability to make a precision landing while avoiding surface hazards such as boulders and craters. This is a key technology for future planetary landers that must land autonomously and completely out of communication with controllers on Earth.

Morpheus is powered by a liquid oxygen and liquid methane propulsion system with a theoretical specific impulse of up to 321 seconds in a vacuum. Importantly, the cryogenic propellants burn cleanly, are nontoxic, and can be stored easily in space. For future space missions, it may be possible to produce oxygen or methane in situ. Oxygen is already a necessary and compatible commodity for life support systems in spacecraft, and oxygen/methane systems are being studied for power generation.

Project Morpheus is being managed under the Advanced Exploration Systems, or AES, Division in NASA’s Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate. The efforts in AES pioneer new approaches for rapidly developing prototype systems, demonstrating key capabilities and validating operational concepts for future human missions beyond Earth orbit.

For more information on Project Morpheus, visit: http://morpheuslander.jsc.nasa.gov/

Article by: Matthew Travis

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